Acute Surgical Issues
Abscess incision and drainage (I&D) is a surgical procedure to treat an abscess by making an incision to release the pus and remove the infected tissue. This procedure is commonly used for skin abscesses, but can also be performed on other types of abscesses. The goal is to relieve pain, remove the source of infection, and promote healing.
1. What is an abscess?
An abscess is a localized collection of pus, a thick fluid containing dead cells, bacteria, and white blood cells. It's usually surrounded by a red, inflamed area of tissue.
2. Why is I&D needed?
I&D is performed to relieve pain, reduce swelling, and clear the infection. It can be performed when an abscess is painful or doesn't respond to other treatments like antibiotics.
3. How is I&D performed?
· Anesthesia: The area around the abscess is usually numbed with a local anesthetic, so you will likely be awake during the procedure. General anesthesia may be needed for larger or more complex abscesses.
· Incision: A small cut is made in the skin over the abscess to allow the pus to drain.
· Drainage: The pus is released, and the cavity is cleaned with a saline solution or antiseptic.
· Packing: If the abscess is deep, the cavity may be packed with a sterile dressing to keep it open and promote further drainage.
· Post-operative care: The wound is usually left open to heal from the inside out and will be covered with a dressing.
2. 4. Recovery:
The wound should heal within a few weeks, and it may leave a scar..
3. 5. Antibiotics:
Antibiotics are not always necessary after an I&D, especially for uncomplicated abscesses, but they may be prescribed if there's a high risk of infection spreading.
Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch that projects from the colon. It's a serious condition that usually requires prompt surgical removal of the appendix (appendicectomy).
Symptoms:
Abdominal pain: Typically starts near the belly button and then migrates to the lower right side of the abdomen.
Pain that worsens with movement, coughing, or pressure:
Loss of appetite:
Nausea and vomiting:
Fever:
Swollen abdomen:
Constipation or diarrhoea:
Diagnosis:
Physical examination: Doctors may check for tenderness in the lower right abdomen.
Imaging tests: CT scans or ultrasounds can help confirm the diagnosis.
Blood and urine tests: These can help rule out other conditions.
Treatment:
Appendicectomy: The standard treatment is surgical removal of the appendix, either through traditional open surgery or laparoscopic surgery (minimally invasive).
Antibiotics: May be given before or after surgery to treat infection